LESSON 29
7th Class: -न-/-न्- (भिद् भिनत्ति)

This Lesson introduces the 7th Class. Roots of the 7th Class take a nasal infix before their final consonant: न (na) in the strong and न् (n) in the weak. For example, for the root, युज्:

• strong: यु-न-ज् + मि, युनज्मि (yu-na-j + mi = yunajmi)
• weak: जु-न्-ज् + वः, युञ्ज्वः (yu-n-j + vaḥ = yuñjvaḥ)

If you do not remember which conjugations are strong and which are weak, see the boxes on the thematic/athematic verb classes handout (pp. 23-24). In the grand scheme of the classes, it is useful to group the 7th Class with the 9th class, which also has nasal affixes—ना / नी—though they are suffixes which follow the root rather than infixes placed inside of it. 

Internal Sandhi

For the significant amount of internal sandhi exhibited by the 7th Class roots in this chapter, as well as their irregularities, see the handout below:

The 10 Verb Classes

Present System Verb Classes
Pres. Stem	-अ (Thematic)				Non-अ (Athematic)
Class	1 भू	10 चुर्	4 दिव्	6 तुद्	2 अद्	3 हु	5 सु	8 तन्	7 रुध्	9 क्री
Root	→ guṇa	→ heavy	as is		guṇated in strong		as is (+ strong/weak affixes)
Affix	अ	अय	य	अ	-	redup	नो/नु	ओ/उ	न/न्	ना/नी
Place	suffix				-	prefix	suffix		infix	suffix
Ex.	भू भवति	चुर् चोरयति	नृत् नृत्यति	तुद् तुदति	इ एति	हु जुहोति	सु सुनोति	तन् तनोति	रुध् रुणद्धि	क्री क्रीणाति

• 1 and 10: strengthened thematic classes
  
• 4 and 6: unstrengthened thematic classes
  
• 2 and 3: athematic, with guṇated strong stem
• 5 and 8: athematic, with guṇa in strong affix (नो/नु and ओ/उ)
• 7 and 9: athematic, with similar strong/weak affixes (न/न् and ना/नी)

These verb classes get their number (1st Class, 2nd Class, etc.) simply from the order in which they are listed in traditional grammars. For our purposes, it will be much more intuitive to always think of these classes in terms of the related pairs: 1/10, 4/6, 2/3, 5/8, 7/9.